Crowdsourcing a list of general resources on the purpose, value, and nature of mathematics

Parallel to the other crowdsourced resource drive on this blog, I would like to collect books, writings and other resources that discuss or explain the purpose(s), value(s), and nature of mathematics. As seen in reactions to recent events, one can see many oversimplified or inaccurate perceptions of mathematics, such as The question of what mathematics […]